Skip to content
K Knidox Search…
Tools · Design

Pixel Density (PPI) Calculator

Find the pixel density of any screen from its resolution and diagonal size.

px
px
″
Real devices — tap to load
Pixel density
91.8PPI

Dot pitch 0.2767 mm/px · 2.07 megapixels

Pixel density is the diagonal resolution in pixels divided by the screen’s diagonal size in inches. For a 1920×1080 panel measuring 24″, the pixel diagonal is √(1920² + 1080²) ≈ 2202.9 px, so 2202.9 ÷ 24 ≈ 92 PPI. Higher PPI means sharper, finer detail at a given viewing distance.

What pixel density means

Pixel density — measured in PPI (pixels per inch) — tells you how tightly packed a screen’s pixels are. Two displays can share the same resolution yet look very different: 1920×1080 on a 24″ monitor is about 92 PPI, but the same resolution on a 6″ phone is over 360 PPI, because the pixels are squeezed into far less space. The higher the PPI, the smaller each pixel and the sharper text and images appear.

PPI vs DPI

The terms are often used interchangeably, and this tool doubles as a DPI calculator, but they are not the same thing. PPI describes pixels on a screen; DPI (dots per inch) describes ink dots a printer lays down. A file has no inherent DPI until you decide a physical print size — DPI only becomes meaningful once pixels are mapped to a page. For displays, PPI is the correct term.

Retina and HiDPI

“Retina” is Apple’s marketing name for displays dense enough that a typical viewer cannot distinguish individual pixels at a normal viewing distance — there is no single fixed number, because it depends on how close you sit. The general concept is called HiDPI: the operating system renders interface elements at 2× (or more) so everything stays crisp instead of tiny. Phones commonly exceed 400 PPI, while desktop monitors reach the same effect at lower densities because you sit farther away.

PPI = √(w² + h²) ÷ diagonal

w and h are the horizontal and vertical resolution in pixels; diagonal is the screen’s diagonal in inches.

  1. 1
    Find the pixel resolution. Note the horizontal and vertical pixel counts, for example 1920 × 1080.
  2. 2
    Compute the pixel diagonal. Use Pythagoras: √(1920² + 1080²) = √4,852,800 ≈ 2202.9 pixels across the diagonal.
  3. 3
    Measure the screen diagonal. This is the advertised size in inches, corner to corner — 24″ for our example.
  4. 4
    Divide to get PPI. 2202.9 ÷ 24 ≈ 91.8, which rounds to about 92 pixels per inch.
  5. 5
    Derive dot pitch if needed. Dot pitch is 25.4 ÷ PPI millimetres per pixel — here 25.4 ÷ 91.8 ≈ 0.277 mm.

Pixel density of common displays

PPI is rounded to the nearest whole number; figures are computed from the listed resolution and diagonal.

DeviceResolutionSizePPI
1080p monitor1920×108024″≈ 92
1440p monitor2560×144027″≈ 109
4K monitor3840×216032″≈ 138
1080p laptop1920×108015.6″≈ 141
HiDPI phone2532×11706.1″≈ 457
1080p TV1920×108055″≈ 40

How to read the result

PPI only matters relative to viewing distance. A 55″ TV at roughly 40 PPI looks perfectly sharp from the sofa, while a phone held at arm’s length needs 300+ PPI to hide its pixels. That is why desktop monitors around 90–110 PPI are comfortable at a keyboard, but the same density on a phone would look coarse.

Two quick sanity checks: dot pitch (25.4 ÷ PPI) is the width of one pixel in millimetres — smaller is finer — and total megapixels (width × height ÷ 1,000,000) tells you how many pixels the panel drives, independent of its physical size. A 4K panel is about 8.3 MP whether it is a 32″ monitor or a 65″ TV.

What is a good PPI for a monitor?
For a desktop monitor viewed at arm’s length, roughly 90–110 PPI is the comfortable range — a 27″ 1440p panel is about 109 PPI. Below ~80 PPI text starts to look coarse; above ~140 PPI you usually want operating-system scaling so interface elements are not too small.
What is the difference between PPI and DPI?
PPI (pixels per inch) measures pixels on a screen; DPI (dots per inch) measures ink dots a printer applies to paper. They are frequently used interchangeably, and this tool works for both, but strictly a digital image only gains a DPI once you choose a physical print size.
What is a retina or HiDPI display?
“Retina” is Apple’s name for a screen dense enough that pixels are indistinguishable at a normal viewing distance — there is no single PPI threshold, since it depends on distance. HiDPI is the general concept: the system renders the interface at 2× or more so content stays sharp instead of shrinking.
How do I calculate PPI by hand?
Take the pixel diagonal with Pythagoras, √(width² + height²), then divide by the diagonal size in inches. For 3840×2160 on a 32″ screen: √(3840² + 2160²) ≈ 4405.9, and 4405.9 ÷ 32 ≈ 138 PPI.
Why do two screens with the same resolution have different PPI?
Because PPI depends on physical size, not just pixel count. 1920×1080 is about 92 PPI on a 24″ monitor but roughly 40 PPI on a 55″ TV — the same pixels are spread across far more area, so each one is larger.
What is dot pitch?
Dot pitch is the distance between pixels, equal to 25.4 ÷ PPI in millimetres per pixel. A 92 PPI monitor has a dot pitch of about 0.277 mm; a smaller dot pitch means a finer, sharper image.
Does higher PPI always look better?
Only up to the point your eyes can resolve. Past the density where pixels become indistinguishable at your viewing distance, extra PPI adds no visible sharpness while demanding more GPU work — which is why phones need far higher PPI than TVs.