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Statistics

Distributions, hypothesis tests, and confidence intervals for any dataset.

44 tools

Standard Deviation

Mean, variance, and SD for any dataset.

P-Value Calculator

From a test statistic and distribution.

Confidence Interval

For a mean or proportion.

Z-Score Calculator

Standardize a value and find its percentile.

Normal Distribution

Probabilities under the bell curve.

T-Test Calculator

One- and two-sample tests with p-value.

Chi-Square Calculator

Goodness-of-fit from observed vs expected.

Correlation Calculator

Pearson's r, r², and significance.

Sample Size Calculator

Participants needed for a margin of error.

ANOVA Calculator

One-way analysis of variance, F-table.

Mean, Median, Mode

Mean, median, mode, range, and quartiles from a data set.

Linear Regression

Least-squares line, slope, intercept, and r².

Percentile Calculator

Percentile rank of a value, and value at a percentile.

Binomial & Poisson

Binomial and Poisson probabilities.

Probability Calculator

Single and combined event probabilities.

Effect Size Calculator

Cohen’s d effect size from two group means and standard deviations.

Margin of Error Calculator

Margin of error for a survey proportion at a confidence level.

Five-Number Summary

Min, Q1, median, Q3, max, IQR, and outliers with a box plot.

Weighted Mean Calculator

Weighted average from value and weight pairs.

Geometric Mean Calculator

Geometric mean of a set of positive numbers.

Coefficient of Variation

Relative variability — standard deviation as a percent of the mean.

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Test Item Analysis

Difficulty, discrimination, point-biserial, and KR-20 from a response matrix.

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Cronbach’s Alpha

Scale reliability from item variances or the average inter-item correlation.

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Split-Half Reliability

Correct a half-test correlation up to full length with Spearman-Brown.

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Cohen’s Kappa

Chance-corrected agreement between two raters on a 2×2 table.

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Fleiss’ Kappa

Agreement across three or more raters and any number of categories.

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Intraclass Correlation

Single-rater and average-rater ICC from an ANOVA mean-square table.

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Mann-Whitney U Test

Nonparametric comparison of two independent groups, with U, z, and p.

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Wilcoxon Signed-Rank

Nonparametric test for paired data, with W, z, p, and effect size.

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Kruskal-Wallis Test

Nonparametric ANOVA across three or more groups, with H and p.

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McNemar’s Test

Test a change in paired yes/no data, with the exact binomial alternative.

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Odds Ratio & Risk Ratio

Odds ratio and risk ratio from a 2×2 table, with confidence intervals.

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Sensitivity & Specificity

Diagnostic accuracy from TP, FP, FN, and TN, with likelihood ratios.

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APA Results Formatter

Format a t, F, χ², or r result in APA 7 style, ready to paste.

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Bayes’ Theorem

Update a probability with evidence, with the frequency table.

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Expected Value

E(X) for a discrete distribution, with variance and SD.

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Standard Error

SE of a mean or proportion, with margin and interval.

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Power Analysis

Participants needed for a target power, or the power you already have.

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Bootstrap Intervals

Resampling intervals for the median and other formula-free statistics.

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Logistic Regression

Fit a binary outcome, with odds ratios and their confidence intervals.

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Tukey HSD

Every pairwise comparison after an ANOVA, with adjusted p-values.

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Levene’s Test

Test whether groups have equal spread, before an ANOVA or t-test.

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Shapiro–Wilk Test

Test a sample for normality, with the Q–Q plot alongside.

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Critical Value Calculator

Critical values for z, t, χ² and F from α and degrees of freedom.

About statistics tools

Compute the statistic, see the distribution, and understand what the number means — not just what it is.

When to use these tools

Common statistics tasks and the tool that handles each one.

Frequently asked questions

Common questions about statistics — the concepts behind the tools above.

What is the difference between mean, median, and mode?
The mean is the average, found by adding all values and dividing by how many there are. The median is the middle value when the data is sorted, and the mode is the value that occurs most often. The median is often more reliable than the mean when the data has outliers or is skewed.
What does standard deviation tell you?
Standard deviation measures how spread out data is around the mean, in the same units as the data. A small standard deviation means values cluster tightly near the average, while a large one means they are more scattered.
What does a p-value mean in plain terms?
A p-value is the probability of seeing a result at least as extreme as yours if the null hypothesis (no real effect) were true. A small p-value, commonly below 0.05, suggests the result is unlikely to be due to chance alone, but it does not measure how large or important the effect is.
Does correlation prove causation?
No. Correlation only means two variables tend to move together; it does not show that one causes the other. The link can be coincidental or driven by a third, hidden variable, so establishing cause usually requires a controlled experiment.

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