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Hiragana & Katakana Chart

A searchable chart of all 46 basic hiragana and katakana kana with Hepburn romaji — click any glyph to copy it.

Script

Click any kana to copy it (copies the hiragana form).

This is the 46-syllable gojūon set. Adding dakuten and handakuten marks makes voiced sounds (か → が ga, は → ぱ pa), and small ya/yu/yo form combos (き + ゃ → きゃ kya).

Kana are Japan’s two phonetic syllabaries: hiragana and katakana. Each has 46 basic characters that map one-to-one onto the same set of sounds — あ and ア both read “a”, か and カ both read “ka”. Hiragana writes native words and grammar; katakana writes loanwords and emphasis.

Hiragana and katakana at a glance

Japanese is written with three scripts: kanji (adopted Chinese characters) plus two kana syllabaries, hiragana and katakana. Unlike an alphabet, each kana stands for a whole syllable — a consonant-plus-vowel sound such as “ka”, “shi”, or “tsu” — rather than a single letter. The chart above lists all 46 basic characters of each script side by side with their Hepburn romaji.

When to use each script

Hiragana (ひらがな) is the rounded, cursive script used for native Japanese words, grammatical endings, and particles. Katakana (カタカナ) is the angular script reserved mainly for loanwords (コーヒー, kōhī, “coffee”), foreign names, onomatopoeia, and emphasis — much like italics in English. The two cover exactly the same sounds, so learning one set of readings unlocks both.

Gojūon order, dakuten, and combos

Kana are traditionally arranged in the gojūon (“fifty sounds”) order used above: the five vowels a-i-u-e-o, then each consonant row (ka, sa, ta, na, ha, ma, ya, ra, wa) and finally the standalone ん/ン (n). Two diacritics extend the set: the dakuten (゛) voices a sound (か ka → が ga) and the handakuten (゜) turns the h-row into p (は ha → ぱ pa). Small ya/yu/yo also combine with i-row kana to form contracted sounds (き + ゃ → きゃ, kya).

Sample gojūon rows

The first three rows of the chart — the full 46 basic kana are searchable above.

HiraganaKatakanaRomaji
あ い う え おア イ ウ エ オa · i · u · e · o
か き く け こカ キ ク ケ コka · ki · ku · ke · ko
さ し す せ そサ シ ス セ ソsa · shi · su · se · so

Reading the romaji

The romaji shown follows the Hepburn system, the most common way to write Japanese sounds in Latin letters. A few rows break the neat pattern: し is “shi” (not “si”), ち is “chi”, つ is “tsu”, and ふ is “fu”. The particle は is read “wa” when it marks a topic, and を is almost always “o” in speech, even though it is romanised “wo”.

Learning the kana

Most learners start with hiragana, since it carries grammar and native vocabulary, then add katakana for loanwords. Because the two scripts share readings, drilling the sounds once and copying the glyphs from the chart above builds both at the same time. To hear how these syllables are pronounced, pair this chart with the IPA pronunciation reference, or compare scripts with the Cyrillic alphabet.

What is the difference between hiragana and katakana?
Both are phonetic kana covering the same 46 basic sounds. Hiragana is used for native Japanese words, verb endings, and particles, while katakana is used for loanwords, foreign names, onomatopoeia, and emphasis. Hiragana looks rounded; katakana looks angular.
How many kana are there?
Each syllabary has 46 basic characters in the gojūon set — so 92 basic kana in total. Adding dakuten and handakuten marks plus small-ya/yu/yo combinations expands each script to over a hundred readings.
What are dakuten and handakuten?
They are small diacritics that change a kana’s sound. The dakuten (゛, two strokes) voices a consonant — か ka becomes が ga, さ sa becomes ざ za. The handakuten (゜, a small circle) turns the h-row into p, so は ha becomes ぱ pa.
What is gojūon order?
Gojūon means “fifty sounds”. It is the standard ordering of kana: the vowels a-i-u-e-o first, then each consonant row (ka, sa, ta, na, ha, ma, ya, ra, wa), ending with ん (n). Japanese dictionaries and indexes follow this order.
Why is し romanised “shi” and つ “tsu”?
These are irregular readings within their rows. In the s-row し is pronounced “shi” rather than “si”, and in the t-row ち is “chi” and つ is “tsu”. The Hepburn system spells them the way they actually sound to English speakers.
Should I learn hiragana or katakana first?
Most learners begin with hiragana because it writes grammar and native vocabulary you meet immediately. Katakana usually comes next for loanwords. Since both scripts share the same readings, learning the sounds once serves for both.
What are the small ya, yu, and yo kana for?
A small ゃ, ゅ, or ょ attaches to an i-row kana to form a single contracted syllable called yōon — き plus small ゃ makes きゃ (kya), し plus small ょ makes しょ (sho). They are written smaller than full-size kana.