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Health & Fitness · Clinical

Body Surface Area Calculator

Estimate body surface area from height and weight using the Mosteller and Du Bois formulas.

Units
cm
kg
Body surface area — Mosteller
1.94

The Mosteller estimate is the most widely used formula in clinical practice.

Body surface area — Du Bois
1.94

The Du Bois & Du Bois formula — the two estimates agree to within a few percent.

Body surface area (BSA) estimates the total area of your skin in square metres from height and weight. For a person 180 cm tall weighing 75 kg, the Mosteller formula gives BSA = √((180 × 75) ÷ 3600) = √3.75 ≈ 1.94 m², and Du Bois agrees at about 1.94 m².

What body surface area measures

Body surface area (BSA) is the total surface area of the human body, expressed in square metres (m²). Unlike body weight alone, it scales with both height and mass, so it tracks the size of the whole body more faithfully. In clinical settings BSA is often a better basis than weight for scaling physiological quantities, because organ size, blood volume, and metabolic rate correlate more closely with surface area.

Because BSA cannot be measured directly, it is estimated from height and weight using validated formulas. This calculator reports two of the most established ones — Mosteller and Du Bois & Du Bois — so you can see that they agree closely, usually to within a few percent.

Where BSA is used

BSA is central to drug dosing, especially chemotherapy, where doses are prescribed in mg per m² so the amount scales with body size. It also underpins the cardiac index (cardiac output ÷ BSA), burn assessment, glomerular filtration rate normalisation, and paediatric dosing. That makes it a routine calculation for nursing, pharmacy, and medical students.

Mosteller: BSA = √( (height_cm × weight_kg) ÷ 3600 ) Du Bois: BSA = 0.007184 × height_cm^0.725 × weight_kg^0.425

Both return BSA in m². Height in centimetres, weight in kilograms; imperial inputs are converted first (1 in = 2.54 cm, 1 lb = 0.453592 kg).

Worked example: 180 cm, 75 kg

The Mosteller formula is quick to do by hand — multiply, divide by 3600, then take the square root:

  1. 1
    Use metric units. Height in centimetres, weight in kilograms. 1 in = 2.54 cm; 1 lb = 0.453592 kg.
  2. 2
    Multiply height by weight. 180 cm × 75 kg = 13,500.
  3. 3
    Divide by 3600. 13,500 ÷ 3600 = 3.75.
  4. 4
    Take the square root (Mosteller). √3.75 = 1.9365 ≈ 1.94 m².
  5. 5
    Cross-check with Du Bois. 0.007184 × 180^0.725 × 75^0.425 ≈ 1.94 m² — the two formulas agree.

Typical BSA values by height and weight

Mosteller and Du Bois estimates for common adult sizes. An average adult is often quoted at roughly 1.7 m².

HeightWeightMosteller (m²)Du Bois (m²)
152 cm50 kg1.451.45
165 cm60 kg1.661.66
170 cm70 kg1.821.81
180 cm75 kg1.941.94
183 cm90 kg2.142.12
190 cm100 kg2.302.28

Choosing and interpreting the result

For most purposes the Mosteller formula is preferred because it is simple enough to compute at the bedside and is the one most protocols specify. Du Bois is the classic 1916 equation and remains a common reference; the two rarely differ by more than about 3%, so either is defensible. Some centres cap chemotherapy dosing at a BSA of 2.0 m² or use adjusted body weight for very high or very low weights — always follow local protocol.

This tool is an informational estimate, not medical advice. Clinical dosing must be calculated and verified by a qualified professional using the patient’s measured height and weight and the applicable protocol.

Which BSA formula should I use?
The Mosteller formula is the most widely used because it is simple — a single square root — and matches what most dosing protocols specify. Du Bois is the classic reference. The two agree to within a few percent for typical adults, so either is defensible unless your protocol names one.
Why is BSA used for drug dosing?
Many drugs, especially chemotherapy agents, are prescribed in milligrams per square metre so the dose scales with body size rather than weight alone. Organ size, blood volume, and metabolic rate track surface area more closely than mass, which is why BSA-based dosing is standard in oncology.
What is an average adult BSA?
A typical adult BSA is often quoted as about 1.7 m². Values commonly range from roughly 1.5 m² for a small adult to over 2.2 m² for a large one. It rises with both height and weight, so tall or heavier people have a larger surface area.
Do the Mosteller and Du Bois formulas give the same answer?
They are very close — usually within about 3% of each other. For 180 cm and 75 kg both give roughly 1.94 m². Small differences appear at extreme heights and weights, where the power-law Du Bois equation and the square-root Mosteller equation diverge slightly.
Can I enter height and weight in feet, inches, or pounds?
Enter height in inches and weight in pounds using the Imperial toggle; the calculator converts them to metric first (1 in = 2.54 cm, 1 lb = 0.453592 kg) because both formulas require centimetres and kilograms. Convert feet to inches before entering (5 ft 11 in = 71 in).
What is the cardiac index and how does BSA relate to it?
The cardiac index is cardiac output divided by BSA, giving output per square metre so hearts of different-sized people can be compared fairly. A normal resting cardiac index is roughly 2.5 to 4.0 L/min/m². BSA is the denominator, which is why an accurate estimate matters.
Is BSA the same as BMI?
No. BSA estimates the total area of the body in square metres and is used mainly for clinical scaling such as drug dosing. BMI is weight divided by height squared (kg/m²) and is used to categorise weight status. They answer different questions and are not interchangeable.