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Music & Audio · Production

Audio File Size Calculator

Estimate the size of an uncompressed PCM/WAV recording from its sample rate, bit depth, channels, and length.

Sample rateSamples captured per second.
Bit depthBits stored per sample.
ChannelsMono is 1, stereo is 2.
min
Length of the recording.
Common formats — tap to try
Uncompressed file size
10.58MB

10.09 MiB (binary, ÷ 1,048,576) · 1,411.2 kbps data rate

Uncompressed size per minute by format (MB)

Uncompressed audio size is sample rate × (bit depth ÷ 8) × channels × seconds. One minute of CD-quality sound — 44,100 Hz, 16-bit, stereo — is 44,100 × 2 × 2 × 60 = 10,584,000 bytes, which is about 10.58 MB (decimal) or 10.09 MiB (binary). Its data rate is 1,411.2 kbps.

How uncompressed audio size works

PCM audio — the raw format inside a WAV or AIFF file — stores an independent number for every sample of every channel, so its size is completely predictable. Multiply how many samples you take each second (the sample rate) by how many bytes each sample uses (the bit depth ÷ 8), then by the number of channels and the length in seconds. There is no compression and no guessing: the same settings always produce the same byte count.

bytes = sample rate × (bit depth ÷ 8) × channels × seconds

Sample rate is in Hz, bit depth in bits; the data rate in kbps = sample rate × bit depth × channels ÷ 1000

Worked example

One minute of CD-quality audio: 44,100 Hz, 16-bit, stereo (2 channels).

  1. 1
    Convert the length to seconds. 1 minute × 60 = 60 seconds.
  2. 2
    Find the bytes per sample. 16 bits ÷ 8 = 2 bytes for each sample of each channel.
  3. 3
    Multiply everything together. 44,100 × 2 × 2 × 60 = 10,584,000 bytes.
  4. 4
    Convert bytes to MB (decimal). 10,584,000 ÷ 1,000,000 = 10.58 MB.
  5. 5
    Convert bytes to MiB (binary). 10,584,000 ÷ 1,048,576 ≈ 10.09 MiB.
  6. 6
    Check the data rate. 44,100 × 16 × 2 ÷ 1000 = 1,411.2 kbps.

Common uncompressed formats

Stereo PCM at each quality level. MB is decimal (÷ 1,000,000); the data rate stays constant regardless of length.

FormatSample rateBit depthData rateMB per minute
CD44,100 Hz16-bit1,411.2 kbps10.58 MB
DVD / studio48,000 Hz24-bit2,304 kbps17.28 MB
Hi-res96,000 Hz24-bit4,608 kbps34.56 MB

Reading the results

This is uncompressed PCM. The numbers here describe raw WAV/AIFF audio, where every sample is stored in full. Lossy formats such as MP3 and AAC throw away data your ears are unlikely to notice, so a 10.58 MB minute of WAV becomes roughly 1 MB as a 128 kbps MP3 — about a tenth of the size. Lossless compressors like FLAC or ALAC land in between, typically shaving 40–60% without changing the audio.

MB versus MiB. A megabyte (MB) is 1,000,000 bytes; a mebibyte (MiB) is 1,048,576 bytes (2²⁰). Storage and file managers disagree on which to show — that is why the same file can read as “10.58 MB” in one place and “10.09 MiB” in another. It is a labeling difference, not a change in the actual bytes.

Why is my WAV file so big?
WAV stores uncompressed PCM — every sample is written out in full with no compression. At CD quality that is about 10.58 MB per minute, so a three-minute song is over 30 MB. The size comes entirely from sample rate, bit depth, channels, and length; nothing is removed to shrink it.
What is the difference between MB and MiB?
A megabyte (MB) is 1,000,000 bytes, while a mebibyte (MiB) is 1,048,576 bytes (2²⁰). The same file is therefore about 10.58 MB or 10.09 MiB — a smaller MiB number for identical bytes. Different apps label the same size using different conventions.
How much smaller is an MP3 than a WAV?
A lot. Lossy formats like MP3 and AAC discard data to save space, so a minute of CD-quality WAV (about 10.58 MB) becomes roughly 1 MB as a 128 kbps MP3 — close to a tenth of the size. The trade-off is that the discarded detail cannot be recovered.
Does the sample rate or the bit depth affect size more?
They scale the size in exactly the same way — doubling either one doubles the file. Going from 44,100 to 48,000 Hz adds about 9%, while going from 16-bit to 24-bit adds 50%, because 24 ÷ 16 = 1.5. Channels behave the same way: stereo is twice mono.
What is the data rate in kbps?
It is how many kilobits of audio are stored per second: sample rate × bit depth × channels ÷ 1000. CD quality is 1,411.2 kbps. Because it is per-second, the data rate never changes with length — a 10-second and a 10-minute CD-quality file share the same 1,411.2 kbps rate.
Does the tool count the WAV header?
No — it reports the raw PCM audio data only. A real WAV file adds a small header (typically 44 bytes) plus any metadata chunks, so an actual file is a few dozen bytes larger than the calculated size. That overhead is negligible next to multi-megabyte audio.